Multiplexed Model Predictive Control of Energy Storage Systems in Distribution Networks

As distributed generations (DGs) become more prevalent in distribution networks (DNs), their intermittency and unpredictability present significant challenges for voltage regulation. Existing voltage control strategies include centralized, distributed, and local control methods. Distributed control architectures perform better in terms of scalability, reliability, and adaptability to local changes compared to the centralized architectures. This work proposes distributed control of voltages based on multiplexed model predictive control of energy storage systems. The proposed scheme is tested on the IEEE 33-bus network and compared with the centralized control and alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). The outcomes demonstrate that the computation speed of MMPC is approximately 19 times faster than the ADMM based distributed control while the cost is only 4.24 % higher.