Electronically Reconfigurable Memristive Neuron Capable\nof Operating in Both Excitation and Inhibition Modes

Threshold switching\n(TS) memristors are promising candidates for\nartificial neurons in neuromorphic systems. However, they often lack\nbiological plausibility, typically functioning solely in an excitation\nmode. The absence of an inhibitory mode limits neurons’ ability\nto synergistically process both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic\nsignals. To address this limitation, we propose a novel memristive\nneuron capable of operating in both excitation and inhibition modes.\nThe memristor’s threshold voltage can be reversibly tuned using\nvoltages of different polarities because of its bipolar TS behavior,\nenabling the device to function as an electronically reconfigurable\nbi-mode neuron. A variety of neuronal activities such as all-or-nothing\nbehavior and tunable firing probability are mimicked under both excitatory\nand inhibitory stimuli. Furthermore, we develop a self-adaptive neuromorphic\nvision sensor based on bi-mode neurons, demonstrating effective object\nrecognition in varied lighting conditions. Thus, our bi-mode neuron\noffers a versatile platform for constructing neuromorphic systems\nwith rich functionality.