Encapsulation\nof Immobilized β‑Glucosidase\nwith Calcium Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Stability\nin Hydrolysis of Cellobiose

β-Glucosidase (β-G) holds promising applications\nin\nvarious fields, such as biomass energy, food, pharmaceuticals, and\nenvironmental protection, yet its industrial application is still\nlimited by issues of stability and recycling. Herein, we first immobilized\nβ-G onto the surface of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (MCS/β-G)\nthrough adsorption methods. Subsequently, utilizing the metal–organic\nframework (MOF), CaBDC, which possesses good stability under acidic\nconditions, we encapsulated MCS/β-G. The resulting biocatalyst\n(MCS/β-G@CaBDC) exhibited excellent activity and recyclability.\nMCS/β-G@CaBDC can convert 91.5% of cellobiose to glucose in\n60 min and maintained 81.9% activity after 10 cycles. The apparent <i>K</i><sub>m</sub> value of MCS/β-G@CaBDC was 0.148 mM,\nlower than free β-G (0.166 mM) and MCS/β-G (0.173 mM).\nThe CaBDC layer increased the mass transfer resistance of the reaction\nbut also triggered structural rearrangement of β-G during the\nencapsulation process. This resulted in the β-sheet content\nrising to 68.4%, which, in turn, contributed to enhancing the rigidity\nof β-G. Moreover, the saturated magnetic strength of this biocatalyst\ncould reach 37.3 emu/g, facilitating its magnetic recovery. The biocatalyst\nprepared in this study exhibits promising application prospects, and\nthe immobilization method can provide valuable insights into the field\nof enzyme immobilization.