A Novel Chiral Amino Acid-Based Methodology for Authenticity\nand Origin Determination of Chinese Wines

In\nthis study, we established a novel chiral metabolomic methodology\nfor determining the authenticity and geographical origin of grape\nwines. We investigated the metabolites present in Chinese grape wine\nsamples using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with\n1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-alanine amide (FDAA) and <i>o</i>-phthaldialdehyde (OPA), respectively. The data were analyzed\nusing principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares\ndiscriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), respectively. We identified 11 amino\nacids in the OPA mode and 18 amino acids in the FDAA mode, serving\nas discriminative markers for the wine samples. The chiral FDAA mode\ndemonstrated an enhanced degree of separation among various group\nsamples compared to the nonchiral OPA mode, leading to superior classification\noutcomes. This study underscores the efficacy of the chiral FDAA mode\nin achieving optimal separation for different wine types, grape varieties,\nand geographical regions.