PhotothermalConjugated Polymer Microneedle with BiofilmElimination and Angiogenesis for Diabetic Wound Healing

Diabetic wounds are highly susceptible to bacterial infection, which can lead to the formation of bacterial biofilms, making diabetic wound healing a major challenge. In this study, a composited microneedle that incorporated drug-loaded conjugated polymer nanoparticles and basic fibroblast growth factor was prepared to eliminate biofilms and promote vascular regeneration. This microneedle released minocycline under near-infrared (NIR) light, effectively penetrating bacterial biofilms. The photothermal properties of the conjugated polymers, combined with the antibacterial action of minocycline, contribute to the eradication of biofilms and the elimination of drug-resistant bacteria. Moreover, it regulated the wound microenvironment by reducing the level of oxidative stress, as well as the production of inflammatory factors at the wound site. Meanwhile, it effectively boosted cell migration and promoted angiogenesis to accelerate diabetic wound healing. This composited microneedle for biofilm elimination represents a promising approach for promoting diabetic wound healing.