Genome Miningand Biosynthesis of Fungal Africane-TypeSesquiterpenes

Africane-type sesquiterpenes are a growing family of natural products featuring a stereochemically complex 5/7/3 tricyclic skeleton, and their biosynthesis has not been well-investigated in fungi. Here, (1) an africanol (<b>1</b>) sesquiterpene cyclase was discovered by genome mining; (2) two cytochrome P450s were identified for conversion of compound <b>1</b> to ophioceric acid (<b>3</b>) via formation of α,β-unsaturated ketone cyclopentane and a C14-carboxyl group; and (3) compound <b>3</b> is a phytotoxin that inhibits root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana.