Best Practices and\nPitfalls in Developing Nanomaterial\nDelivery Tools for Plants

Numerous reports of nanomaterial-assisted delivery of\nDNA, RNA,\nand protein to plants for biotechnology applications emerged over\nthe past decade. While the field has experienced rapid growth, best\npractices for developing and validating nanomaterial delivery tools\nfor plants have not yet been established. Best practices are well-established\n for clinical/animal cell delivery experiments, yet plants pose a\ndistinct challenge requiring separate considerations due to their\n unique tissue structures and cellular morphology. In this Perspective,\nwe provide recommendations and highlight pitfalls in developing nanomaterial\ntools for delivery of “Central Dogma” cargos to plants.\nGiven the ongoing interest in the field, this discussion will aid\nin improving the rigor of this nascent field toward practical applications\nof nanomaterial delivery tools.