MacrophageMembrane-Encapsulated Carbon Dots for PreciseTargeting Diagnosis and Treatment of Bacterial Infections

How to accurately diagnose and treat bacterial infections in vivo remains a huge challenge. Therefore, we have developed a targeted delivery nanosystem by coextruding the pretreated macrophage membrane of S. aureus with carbon dots (M@CD). The M@CD nanosystem demonstrates potent antibacterial effects both in vivo and in vitro through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, M@CD exhibits enhanced targeting ability and stable fluorescence properties, addressing issues such as poor targeting efficiency and high immunogenicity in vivo. This innovative approach enables infection site specific aggregation and elimination of bacterial infections, thereby providing a promising strategy for the integrated diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of bacterial infections.