Thermal Performance Analysis of Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids in Solar-Powered Ships Using Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors

The impact of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux on cylindrical surfaces using Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ternary Hybrid Nanofluids with convective boundary conditions is investigated in this work, especially within the context of solar-powered ships. A numerical simulation is performed to assess the thermal characteristics and effectiveness of CNT ternary Hybrid Nanofluids over traditional fluids. The thermal relaxation effects and the heat flux are attained using the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model which leads to a better prediction of heat transfer processes in the nanofluids. By assessing the existing behaviors and energy transferal characteristics of CNT ternary hybrid nanofluids, the findings perfectly show that the nanoparticle impacts improving the thermal conductivity and heat transfer efficiency. This is useful for optimization of cooling systems of ships driven by solar energy. This work is beneficial to the efforts put towards designing and optimal thermal management strategies for solar-powered ships using nanofluid and novel heat transfer.