Self-Healing\nand Shear-Stiffening Electrodes for Wearable\nBiopotential Sensing and Gesture Recognition

The\nachievement of flexible skin electrodes for dynamic\nmonitoring\nof biopotential is one of the challenging issues in flexible electronics\ndue to the interference of large acceleration and heavy sweat that\ninfluence the stability of skin–electrode interfaces. This\nwork presents materials and techniques to achieve self-healing and\nshear-stiffening electrodes and an associated flexible system that\ncan be used for multichannel biopotential measurement on the skin.\nThe electrode that is based on a composite of silver (Ag) flakes,\nAg nanowires, and polyborosiloxane offers an electrical conductivity\nof 9.71 × 10<sup>4</sup> S/m and a rheological characteristic\nthat ensures stable and fully conformal contact with skin and easy\nremoval under different shear rates. The electrode can maintain its\nconductivity even after being stretched by more than 60% and becomes\nself-healed after mechanical damage. The combination of the electrodes\nwith a screen-printed multichannel flexible sensor allows stable monitoring\nof both static and dynamic electromyography signals, leading to the\nacquisition of high-quality multilead biopotential signals that can\nbe readily extracted to yield gesture recognition results with over\n97.42% accuracy. The conductive self-healing materials and flexible\nsensors may be utilized in various daily biopotential sensing applications,\nallowing highly stable dynamic measurement to facilitate artificial\nintelligence-enabled health condition diagnosis and human–computer\ninterface.