Bioactive\nDeep Eutectic Solvent-Involved Sprayable\nVersatile Hydrogel for Monkeypox Virus Lesions Treatment

To\naddress the issues of infectious virus, bacterial secondary\ninfections, skin pigmentation, and scarring caused by monkeypox virus\n(MPXV), a sprayable hydrogel with versatile functions was developed\nwith comprehensive properties. Based on current research, the bioactive\ndeep eutectic solvent (DES) of rosmarinic acid-proanthocyanidin-glycol\n(RPG) was designed and synthesized as active agent, and molecular\ndocking was applied to discover its binding to MPXV proteins through\nH-bonds and van der Waals interactions, and the docking results show\nthe binding energies between RA, PC, Gly and MPXV proteins are −58.7188,\n−50.2311, and −18.4755 kcal/mol, respectively. Additionally,\npoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), borate, and xylitol (Xyl) were integrated\nwith RPG to prepare the PB-RPG-Xyl hydrogel, which was characterized\nby popular ways. The pH-responsive properties of the hydrogel accelerated\nthe release of RPG under acidic conditions, resulting in an increased\ncumulative release percentage of 84.83% at pH 5.5 at 210 min. Besides\nthat, it was proved to have the expected sprayability, self-healing,\nadhesion, and shape-adaptability. The results of molecular dynamic\nsimulation were meaningful to understanding its formation and self-healing\nmechanisms. Furthermore, the hydrogel shows ideal degradability, removability,\nand biocompatibility. Lastly, its multiple functions were systematically\nexplored, including UV-blocking, blood clotting, cooling, antioxidant,\nantibacterial, and virus inhibition properties. The developed sprayable\nPB-RPG-Xyl hydrogel represents the first promising dressing based\non natural bioactive DES for MPXV lesions management, which not only\nexpands the application of green solvents in health care but also\nprovides a convenient and effective treatment process for MPXV infection\nin the face of difficult skin lesions and complex treatment needs.