Efficient Recycling\nof Glucose from Cellulose in Textiles\nWaste by Solid Catalysts

The efficient conversion of cellulose into glucose is\ncritical\nfor advancing sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Traditional methods\nface significant challenges, including inefficiencies and environmental\nconcerns, highlighting the need for innovative catalytic systems.\nIn this study, we successfully synthesized three hydroxyl-rich carbon-based\nsolid acid catalystsS-catalyzer, P-catalyzer, and C-catalyze.\nUtilizing an aqueous hydrothermal system, the S-catalyzer, characterized\nby high hydroxyl content and –SO<sub>3</sub>H groups, effectively\nmimicked cellulase activity, breaking glycosidic bonds and achieving\na glucose yield of 68% with a cellulose conversion rate of 97.2% within\n120 min. The catalysts also demonstrated remarkable recyclability,\nmaintaining over 90% conversion efficiency across multiple cycles.\nThis stability is attributed to the robustness of hydroxyl and –SO<sub>3</sub>H groups and the recycling of glucose as a carbonation substrate\nin a closed-loop system. Our findings provide a novel, environmentally\nsustainable method for cellulose hydrolysis, offering significant\npotential for scalable biofuel production and broader biotechnological\napplications.