Detection and Characterization of Microbial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Freshwater Lakes in Ontario, Canada

Freshwater ecosystems, like lakes, are potential reservoirs for microbial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. In this study, microbial communities and AMR profiles were analyzed from Guelph Lake and Wilcox Lake in Ontario, Canada, using the Explify® Respiratory Pathogen ID/AMR Panel (RPIP). Both lakes harbored a variety of microbial species, with a notable presence of AMR genes, including β-lactamases and macrolide-modifying enzymes. Guelph Lake showed a more extensive array of AMR genes compared to Wilcox Lake. These findings underscore the role of surface waters in harboring and disseminating AMR genes. The results highlight the importance of routine environmental AMR surveillance to monitor and manage this growing public health threat.