First report on the chemical composition of volatile compounds in the essential oils and aromas of <i>Senega adenophora</i>, <i>Senega appressa</i>, and <i>Senega longicaulis</i> (Polygalaceae)

This study presents a comprehensive chemical analysis of the essential oil isolated from <i>Senega longicaulis</i>, and aroma analysis of <i>Senega adenophora</i> and <i>Senega appressa</i>, employing both fresh and dried samples. Notable differences were observed between the fresh and dried samples of essential oil from <i>S. longicaulis</i>. In the fresh sample, the predominant compounds were (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-geranyl linalool (33.21%) and dendrolasin (19.64%), whereas in the dried sample, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-geranyl linalool increased to 39.19% and dendrolasin to 18.83%. The oxygenated sesquiterpenes were found to be more abundant in the dried sample (81.52%) than in the fresh sample (69.96%). In the case of <i>S. adenophora</i> and <i>S. appressa</i>, the aroma analysis indicated that <i>β</i>-elemene (49.05%) and methyl salicylate (31.13%), respectively, were the primary compounds present in the fresh samples. These findings illustrate how the drying process has the effect of intensifying certain chemical components in the samples of <i>S. longicaulis</i>.