Antihyperuricemia and chemical composition of <i>Boehmeria virgata</i>, <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approach with ADME prediction

<i>Boehmeria virgata</i>, a traditional South Sulawesi herb, was investigated for its potential to inhibit xanthine oxidase (XO), a key enzyme involved in uric acid production. Extracts from <i>B. virgata</i> demonstrated potent XO inhibition <i>in vitro</i>. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, flavonoids were identified as the primary inhibitory compounds. Molecular docking simulations revealed that these flavonoids, particularly 3-hydroxyflavon and luteolin, bind to XO with high affinity, forming hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Their binding affinities were superior to allopurinol, a commonly used XO inhibitor. These findings suggest that <i>B. virgata</i> could be a promising natural source for developing novel treatments for hyperuricaemia.