Emerging dendrimer-based RNA delivery strategies

Dendrimers represent a class of polymers characterized by a highly branched architecture, precise composition, and a multitude of functional groups, garnering significant interest in biomedical applications. These are three-dimensional nanostructures characterized by a high degree of molecular homogeneity, adjustable size, multivalence, significant surface functionality, and high aqueous solubility. Dendrimers, owing to their significant properties, are currently utilized for drug delivery and are under investigation as potential carriers for nucleic acid-based vaccines. Nucleic acid, as a therapeutic molecule, offers several advantages, including safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. These delivery systems may exhibit accelerated development timelines, reduced production costs, and enhanced storage and transportation efficiency. An essential aspect of DNA or RNA delivery technology is the selection of an efficient method of delivery. This review summarizes the classification, preparation, and formulation strategies for dendrimer delivery. Furthermore, the delivery of RNA via dendrimers for a range of disease conditions, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and metabolic disorders, has been investigated and summarized.