Multi-objective optimization of motion characteristics of gamma-type Stirling engine based on response surface method

This study introduces an innovative approach to enhance the performance of Stirling engines by optimizing the synchronization and velocity amplitudes of the displacer and piston. By employing response surface methodology and expected value analysis, an in-depth investigation was conducted. A novel methodology was used, which began with a single-factor analysis to pinpoint key influencing factors and their respective ranges. Then, quadratic regression models were developed to predict cycle differences and motion velocity amplitudes, with model accuracy verified through rigorous variance analysis. A three-dimensional response surface analysis further clarified the intricate effects of various parameters. Notably, the optimization strategy achieved a remarkable 96.5% reduction in cycle difference, a 15.0% increase in displacer velocity amplitude, and a minor 4.8% decrease in piston amplitude compared to theoretical benchmarks. These optimizations resulted in significantly improved stability and reliability of the Stirling engine, highlighting the effectiveness and innovation of the approach.