Chemical constituents from <i>artemisia annua</i> with potential anti-inflammatory activities

Phytochemical analysis of <i>Artemisia annua</i> aerial parts revealed three novel lignan glycosides (arteannuoside A-B, annusesquilignanoside) and 18 known compounds (<b>4</b>-<b>21</b>), including spanning megastigmanes (<b>4-13</b>), coumarin (<b>14</b>), nitrogen-containing compound (<b>15</b>), phenylethanol glycoside (<b>16</b>), and phenolic compounds (<b>17</b>-<b>21</b>). Compounds (<b>4, 6, 10, 12, 15-18)</b> were first isolated from this species. Structural characterization employed NMR spectroscopy and literature comparison. The new compounds demonstrated concentration-dependent IL-6 inhibition in LPS-activated macrophages. At 100 μM, compounds <b>1</b> (68.75%), <b>2</b> (71.89%) and <b>3</b> (61.34%) showed strong activity, while at 50 μM yielded 33.45%, 39.37%, and 45.36% inhibition respectively.