Bioactive compound release from electrospun nanofiber matrices for controlled drug delivery in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications

Bioactive compounds are primary and secondary metabolites found in various plants, microorganisms, or animals. Plant-derived bioactive compounds with therapeutic benefits have essential roles especially in the prevention of oxidative and inflammatory diseases. However, challenges such as poor solubility, instability, and low bioavailability often hinder their therapeutic efficacy. The production of nanofibers through electrospinning offers revolutionary advancements in drug delivery, providing benefits such as controlled release and preserved the bioactivity of encapsulated compounds. A comprehensive review on the application of electrospun nanofibers loaded bioactive compounds for controlled drug delivery particularly in pharmaceutical and biomedical field is still lacking; therefore, this review will address the gap and provide insights into types of electrospinning, comparison with other nanofiber fabrication methods, examples of clinical trials and market products of electrospun nanofiber in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, examples and classification types of bioactive compounds, challenges, and future recommendations.