A Comparative Study Between Hydrodilatation and Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection in Patients with Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: A Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial

This study compares the efficacy of hydrodilatation (HD) alone with intra-articular corticosteroid injection (ICI) in treating frozen shoulder (FS). A total of 48 patients with FS were randomly assigned to two groups: 24 patients received HD treatment, while the other 24 patients received ICI treatment. HD involved 20 mL 0.9% normal saline solution with 3 mL 2% lidocaine, and ICI included 1 mL of 40 mg/mL methylprednisolone acetate with 1 mL 2% lidocaine and 3 mL normal saline. Outcome measures included Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and passive range of motion (ROM) at baseline, two-, four-, and eight-week follow-ups. Both treatments demonstrated significant improvement in the VAS, SPADI, and passive ROM, when between-times comparison was conducted in each group at all follow-up points over the eight-week study period (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). However, no significant differences were found in between groups comparison at study end (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), with no significant interaction between groups and times (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Absolute changes from baseline to eight-week follow-up were not significantly different between HD and ICI (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In the short term, HD alone demonstrates strong efficacy in managing FS, matching the effectiveness of ICI.