Signatures of Gravastars and Extra Dimensions in Gravitational Wave Observations

Gravitational wave detections from LIGO/Virgo have revealed several deviations from standard expectations under general relativity (GR). Notably, masses within the pair-instability gap, spin misalignments inconsistent with standard angular momentum transport, and redshift-dependent anomalies in merger rates hint at exotic physics. I investigated whether such deviations could be signatures of Gravastars—horizonless objects stabilized by internal negative energy density—or effects stemming from higher-dimensional theories such as 11D supergravity or string theory.he lightweight Monte Carlo simulations, each comprising 5,000 iterations, reveal intriguing non-random patterns in BBH mergers that deviate from standard General Relativity (GR) predictions. These results align with trends observed in the GWTC-3 catalog, while suggesting the presence of exotic phenomena such as Gravastars within the 65–90 $M_\odot$ mass gap.<br>The mass clustering simulation demonstrates a tighter standard deviation ($\sigma \sim 4.2\,M_\odot$) around a peak of $75\,M_\odot$, compared to a broader $\sigma \sim 8.3\,M_\odot$ for a uniform distribution. This clustering hints at a non-stochastic formation mechanism, potentially driven by Gravastar dynamics that favor discrete mass scales.<br>