Intuitive Engineering and Knowledge-Based Civilizations: The Role of Non-Technological Systems in Ancient Architecture

This study explores the hypothesis that ancient civilizations achieved sophisticated engineering feats without modern technological tools, relying instead on knowledge, intuition, observation, and basic instruments. Structures such as the Egyptian pyramids, Sacsayhuamán, and Stonehenge are examined not only for their construction techniques but also for their embedded proportions, alignments, and astronomical correlations. This paper proposes that a form of intuitive engineering, deeply tied to natural rhythms and empirical knowledge, played a central role in the conscious design of these monuments.The author acknowledges the use of OpenAI’s language model for assistance in drafting certain sections of this work.