Synthesis and characterization of protein nanohybrid systems for the brain delivery of Riluzole

Synthesis and Characterization of Protein NanoHybrid Systems for the Brain Delivery of Riluzole. Fullerene is converted into carboxylated fullerene (CF) and then, prepared RZU-loaded BSA nanoparticles conjugated with CF. The particle size and zeta potential of RZU-PNH were found to be 210 ± 1.15 nm and −18.5 ± 0.615 mV respectively, and entrapment efficiency and loading efficiency of RZU-PNH were found to be 98.8 ± 0.53% and 11.6 ± 0.43%, respectively. The XRD of the RZU-PNH shows the amorphism behavior and CD revealed that secondary structure of the protein mainly consists of α-helix andβ-sheet. The MTT assay showed 88.60% and 90.84% cell viability in both SH-SY5Yand N2a cell lines at a concentration of 20 μg/ml and also, no significant nasal ciliotoxicity was observed after incubation with RZU-PNH. Obtained results indicated RZU-PNH formulation to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this study, we developed a new way to deliver a drug called Riluzole (RZU) into the brain to treat Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a disease that causes paralysis by damaging the nerves controlling movement. We created a special system called PNH by attaching a carbon nanomaterial called carboxylated fullerene (shaped like a soccer ball) to protein nanoparticles made from BSA (a protein). This system was designed to help Riluzole reach the brain more effectively. High-resolution electron microscopy (HR-TEM) confirmed the soccer-ball-like shape of RZU-PNH (Riluzole-loaded PNH). The addition of BSA helped the drug stay longer in the nasal cavity and reach the brain quickly through the nose. Tests showed that RZU-PNH did not harm brain cells or cause significant damage to nasal tissues when tested with goat nasal mucosa. These findings suggest that this new RZU-PNH system could be a promising treatment option for ALS.