Additional file 1 of Klebsiella pneumoniae-derived extracellular vesicles impair endothelial function by inhibiting SIRT1

Additional file 1. Fig. S1 Gavage treatment with K.pn W14 or K.pn TH1 impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation in C57BL/6 mice. Fig. S2 Characterization of ultracentrifugation-isolated medium pellet and size exclusion chromatography-isolated K.pn EVs and HUVEC viability after K.pn EV treatment. Fig. S3 SEC-purified K.pn EVs impair EDRs, inhibit SIRT1 levels, and promote NOX2, ET-1, and COX-2 expression in HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Fig. S4 Characterization of E.coli EVs and the function of E.coli EVs on endothelial-dependent relaxation. Fig. S5 K.pn EVs promote p21 and p16 expression in HUVECs. Fig. S6 50 ng/mL E.coli EVs do not affect the levels of the proteins related to endothelial cell senescence, superoxide anion production, and endothelial function. Fig. S7 Adenovirus-mediated SIRT1 overexpression in HUVECs. Table S1 The protein amount of K.pn EVs from 100 mL LB bacterial suspension.