Enterprise Economic Security Policy in Politically Volatile Environments: Strategic Foundations, Risk Dimensions, and Crisis Adaptation Mechanisms

In today’s globally interconnected and politically unstable environment, the concept of enterprise economic security has become a strategic priority for firms facing increasingly unpredictable challenges. This article addresses the need for a comprehensive framework that allows enterprises to ensure resilience, continuity, and competitiveness amid political disruptions such as sanctions, trade conflicts, regulatory shifts, and geopolitical tensions. The objective of the study is to explore how economic security policy can be institutionalized at the enterprise level, serving as a foundation for adaptive strategy and sustainable value creation. The research employs a multi-method qualitative design, combining theoretical synthesis, case study analysis, and comparative modeling. The conceptual foundation integrates insights from strategic management, political economy, and systems theory to construct a multidimensional policy architecture. Empirical evidence is drawn from case studies of politically induced business disruptions, including the Russian sanctions regime, Brexit, COVID-19 emergency regulations, Venezuela’s nationalizations, and the U.S.–China trade war. A comparative framework is developed to classify political and economic threats and match them with relevant enterprise adaptation strategies. The results reveal that political dynamics such as lobbying, regulatory volatility, and public–private interdependence are critical determinants of economic resilience. Enterprises that institutionalize political intelligence, scenario planning, compliance flexibility, and ethical governance are more capable of mitigating shocks and capitalizing on emergent opportunities. The findings highlight that economic security is not merely a risk management concern but a strategic imperative embedded in core decisionmaking. This article contributes both to academic scholarship and managerial practice by offering an integrated model of enterprise economic security policy. Its practical value lies in providing corporate leaders with tools to navigate politically volatile environments without sacrificing strategic clarity or institutional integrity. The proposed framework supports evidence-based decision-making, strengthens adaptive governance, and enhances enterprise agility in the face of systemic uncertainty.