Kinase and aldose reductase inhibitors from <i>Chenopodium album</i>: UPLC/T-TOF-MS/MS, <i>in-vitro</i>, and <i>in- silico</i> studies

<i>Chenopodium album</i> L. is commonly used in folk medicine in microbial infections, as well as gastrointestinal disorders. The metabolomic profile of <i>C. album</i> was studied assessed by UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS, furthermore its <i>in-vitro</i> antiproliferative activity besides molecular docking on aldose reductase and kinase enzymes were evaluated. After GC-MS analysis, 18 major compounds (85.44 %) were detected, where the unsaturated FAs were found to be higher than that of saturated ones (41.26% and 23.37% respectively). Based on UPLC-MS/MS analysis, flavonols were the foremost-noticed metabolites, in particular kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin derivatives including mono-and di-<i>O</i>-hexoside derivatives. The <i>C. album</i> extract suppressed cell proliferation in SNB-19 and K-562 cell lines (IC₅₀ 0.75±0.03 and 2.17±0.08 mg/mL respectively). These potentials were in the line with the <i>in-silico</i> results as kaempferol metabolites interact with the aldose reductase and kinase proteins with promising binding affinities (-5.0 to -9.16 kcal mol^-1). The revealed antiproliferative activity of <i>C. album</i> may be justified by its content of flavonoids and phenolics; however, toxicological investigations are necessary for future clinical trials.