Recent Advances in GFRP Composite Bridge Decks: Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Performance Evaluation

Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composites have emerged as a promising material alternative for bridge deck applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and ease of installation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the developments in GFRP composite bridge decks, focusing on material selection, fabrication methods, structural applications, and performance assessment. Emphasis is placed on the mechanical behavior of various GFRP configurations under static, fatigue, and environmental loading conditions. Analytical and numerical modeling techniques, particularly finite element methods (FEM), are discussed to highlight their role in predicting structural performance. The review also addresses current challenges, such as long-term durability, lack of standardized design guidelines, and cost-related limitations. By consolidating findings from experimental studies and simulations, this paper identifies key research gaps and provides future directions for optimizing GFRP bridge deck systems in civil infrastructure.