Advancements in Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Evaluating Mechanical Properties Using Natural and Synthetic Fibers

Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the mechanical properties of conventional concrete. This review examines the influence of various fibers, including coconut fibers, polypropylene fibers, and steel fibers, on the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of concrete. Studies indicate that coconut fibers can significantly improve flexural strength by up to 12%, while polypropylene fibers enhance tensile strength with increasing volume fractions. Steel fibers, even at a 1% addition, provide notable improvements in flexural strength, achieving values up to 6.46 N/mm². Additionally, industrial waste materials such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and granite slurry are explored as sustainable partial replacements for cement and aggregates. GGBS replacement up to 70% has demonstrated comparable performance to conventional concrete while reducing CO2 emissions. This review underscores the advantages of integrating fibers and industrial by-products in concrete production to achieve cost-effective, durable, and environmentally friendly construction materials. Further research is recommended to optimize fiber content and evaluate long-term durability in diverse applications.