Smart Home Energy Management System: A Review

This paper offers a detailed overview of Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) and their role in promoting energy efficiency within smart homes. It explores the implementation of Demand Response (DR) programs, which help lower energy usage by intelligently scheduling when appliances operate—considering cost, environmental impact, and user comfort. The review delves into the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and heuristic optimization methods to manage and control energy consumption in households. It also discusses how green energy sources and energy storage units contribute to building efficient microgrids. Furthermore, the paper addresses the broader challenges in developing advanced energy solutions for smart cities, emphasizing the need for resilience, flexibility, and improved decision-making through advanced data gathering and communication technologies. Ultimately, the review underlines how essential energy management systems are in minimizing electricity usage and advancing sustainability in smart homes and power grids.