Design and Control of Wind, Solar and Battery Based DC Microgrid

DC microgrids are increasingly recognized for their ability to enhance energy efficiency and integrate renewable energy sources, such as solar power. However, the incorporation of significant amounts of renewables introduces challenges related to voltage regulation, energy management, and uncertainty control. While several solutions, including droop control and virtual inertia control, have been proposed, a comprehensive overview of these methods is currently lacking. This article reviews the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating renewable energy into DC microgrids, assessing existing techniques and pinpointing areas for further research. Renewable energy-driven systems are becoming popular among end-users for both large-scale and small-scale applications due to their numerous benefits. Small-scale systems, like microgrids, offer distinct advantages over larger setups. To meet the demands of DC loads, establishing DC microgrids is essential for community power needs with fewer power converters. Utilizing renewable energy sources in DC microgrids has emerged as a promising research area, particularly with solar energy as a key technology for generating DC power. This project presents a DC microgrid based on solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy sources. The proposed system includes a wind energy conversion system utilizing a self-excited induction generator, a PV system with basic MPPT control, a boost converter connected to the PV system, a battery energy management system, and a DC load. Different MPPT techniques for the PV system are explored through MATLAB simulations in this work.