From Rural Exodus to Back – Migration in Bonoufla Village (Côte d'Ivoire): Local Issues and Changes

Abstract The rapid urbanization in African countries in the past few years is partly underpinned by a significant migratory flow originated from rural areas. The disparity of incomes, equipment standards, job opportunities, etc., are the main reasons why rural dwellers are moving to the cities. Most of these neo-citizens, overwhelmed by their inability of integration in city life, decide to go back to their native village. This study focuses on the issues of this migratory process, and the impact of the migrants on the socio-economic transformation of these villages. The methodological framework is based on a review of literature, in line with a field survey of 52 migrants back to Bonoufla, a village on the outskirts of the town of Daloa. The survey revealed that (40.4%) of those migrants are motivated by a desire to protect their family land in a context of land overcrowding and a massive influx of non-natives. By practicing agricultural and non-agricultural activities (trade, sewing, etc.), they contribute to the socio-economic development of the village.