CALCIUM METABOLISM AND OSTEOPOROSIS: THE ROLE OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Calcium metabolism, regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin, plays a crucial role in bone health. Disruptions in these systems can lead to osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density and increased fracture risk. PTH increases calcium release from bones, vitamin D enhances calcium absorption, and calcitonin helps lower blood calcium levels. Imbalances in these hormones contribute to bone loss. This article highlights the importance of calcium regulation in osteoporosis and discusses treatment strategies, including supplementation and medication.