Formulation & Therapeutic Advances in Throat Sprays: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract -Throat sprays are topical preparations formulated to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the mucosal surfacesof the oropharynx, providing symptomatic relief in various conditions, including sore throat, upper respiratory tractinfections (URTIs), allergies, and post-operative care. Their localized action minimizes systemic side effects whileensuring rapid onset of therapeutic effects. Throat sprays may contain anesthetics, antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, ornatural ingredients, with varying formulations tailored for specific indications. The increasing burden of URTIs globally,the convenience of self-administered dosage forms, and the shift toward non-invasive drug delivery have driveninnovations in throat spray formulations. This review offers a comprehensive evaluation of the types, pharmacologicalmechanisms, formulation science, clinical evidence, safety profiles, and evolving regulatory frameworks related to throatsprays, with a special focus on novel delivery systems, mucoadhesive polymers, and potential antiviral applications in thecontext of global pandemics.