"Demons, Charlatans, and the Spectacle: A Critical Analysis of Occultism, Subcultures, and Mass Media Manipulation (in Russia's The Psychic Challenge, 2025)"

Abstract This paper examines the cultural, psychological, and sociological dimensions of pseudo-occultism and mass media spectacle, using the case of the 11th episode (March 29, 2025) of Psychic Challenge: Battle of the Strongest as a primary text. Through the lens of critical theory, gender studies, and Russian literary traditions, it explores how subcultures, trauma, and pseudo-mysticism are co-opted for entertainment. The analysis situates the phenomenon within the broader history of Satanic Panic, patriarchal power structures, and the commodification of belief. Additionally, it critiques the neglect of mental health issues in favor of sensationalist narratives. This paper explores the intersection of media spectacle, subcultures, and pseudo-occultism in contemporary mass culture through the lens of critical theory, media studies, and cultural anthropology. Using a case study of a Russian reality TV show on paranormal phenomena, the article dissects how esotericism, psychological exploitation, and social marginalization interact in a hyper-mediated environment. Drawing on the works of Theodor Adorno, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze, and Michel Foucault, the paper examines the commodification of belief, the role of pseudo-gurus, and the gendered nature of occult narratives. The analysis highlights how disenfranchised youth, particularly those engaged in punk and alternative subcultures, become targets of media manipulation, pseudo-therapeutic practices, and performative spirituality.