Unmasking the Sun: A Critical Review of Synthetic UV Filters and Their Hidden Impacts on Human and Environmental Health

The widespread use of synthetic ultraviolet (UV) filters in sunscreen formulations has long been accepted as a primary strategy for skin cancer prevention and protection against photoaging. However, growing scientific evidence has revealed significant concerns related to their safety and environmental sustainability. This review highlights the health risks, environmental impacts, formulation challenges, and regulatory issues associated with commonly used synthetic UV filters. It also discusses the urgent need for safer, more sustainable alternatives, such as mineral-based and herbal UV protectants. By critically examining recent literature, this paper aims to raise awareness and promote a more balanced and responsible approach to sun protection.