Enhancing Water Conservation in Rural Areas Using IoT-Enabled Sensors and Real-Time Monitoring

The IoT-based Rural Automation System aims to optimize water management in rural areas by automatingthe monitoring and control of water supply using a combination of sensors and IoT technology. Thissystem utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller connected to various sensors: an ultrasonic sensor for detectingwater levels, a water flow sensor to monitor the flow rate, and a turbidity sensor to assess water quality. Asolenoid valve is used to control the water supply, while a relay module is integrated for device control.The system also includes a water pump, water pipe, and a Wi-Fi module for seamless connectivity.Thecore functionality of the system involves real-time monitoring of the water supply in underground pipes. Ifthe water flow exceeds a preset limit, the flow sensor triggers an alert to prevent overflow. Simultaneously,the turbidity sensor detects water contamination, alerting the system if the water is dirty. The solenoidvalve automatically closes once the tank reaches its full capacity, halting the water flow. The entire processis monitored and controlled via the Blynk app, providing an intuitive interface for users to access real-timedata and make adjustments remotely.