The role of cardiology and dietetics in the complex therapy of glaucoma: effects on intraocular pressure, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular support

Cardiovascular factors play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma, affecting intraocular pressure and blood supply to the optic nerve. Arterial hypertension, hypotension, atherosclerosis, as well as microcirculation disorders can exacerbate ischemic damage to the optic nerve and contribute to deterioration of the functional state of the ocular structures. These cardiovascular pathologies require special attention when choosing a treatment strategy for glaucoma patients. One of the key areas of complex therapy is cardiological monitoring and correction of cardiovascular diseases, which minimizes systemic risks and improves blood supply to the visual organs. Along with this, rational nutrition plays an important role in reducing intraocular pressure, maintaining vascular tone and neuroprotection. This paper considers an interdisciplinary approach combining cardiological support and dietary recommendations for glaucoma patients. Special attention is paid to vascular risk management, reduction of intraocular pressure, prevention of hypoxic complications and slowing of neurodegenerative processes. Data on the role of systemic factors in the progression of the disease and the importance of their control in order to maximize the effectiveness of therapy are presented. This integrative approach allows not only to slow down the progression of glaucoma, but also to improve the patient's overall health, creating conditions for maintaining the quality of life and preserving visual functions.