PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF PAIN-RELIEVING GEL

The increasing interest in natural products for therapeutic use has prompted the exploration of medicinal plants with analgesic potential. Dendrobium Macrae, a species of orchid known for its traditional medicinal uses, has shown promise as a source of pain-relieving agents. This article outlines the formulation of a topical gel incorporating extracts of D. Macrae and evaluates its analgesic efficacy, stability, and physicochemical properties. This study focuses on the development and assessment of a topical gel designed for pain relief. Using both natural and synthetic ingredients, the gel was formulated for fast absorption, reduced skin irritation, and effective analgesic activity. The evaluation process included physicochemical analysis, spread ability, pH, viscosity. Recent molecular and phylogenetic (evolution-based) research has already started to provide valuable insights into the Dendrobium genus. Future research in these areas holds great promise for the conservation of rare, endemic (native to a specific area) endangered species of Dendrobium. By understanding the genetic structure and diversity of these plants, scientists can develop better strategies to protect and preserve them. This paper acts as a review of molecular studies conducted on Dendrobium and aims to guide researchers in selecting the most effective methods for future molecular research in Malaysia. Such studies are expected to contribute to the conservation efforts and deepen our understanding of this fascinating genus.