Speed and Direction Control of DC Motor using Microcontroller

Abstract: The project is intended to control the speed of a D.C. motor by varying voltage across the terminal. The concept behind the project is, since the speed of D.C. motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied therefore the duty cycle of the pulse is varied (i.e. Pulse with Modulation is used) to control the speed. A microcontroller is used to interface two input buttons for controlling motor speed. The microcontroller programmed in Embedded C language generates PWM i.e. Pulse Width modulation at the output according to program instructions. The ON and OFF time of the pulses or the duty cycle changes the average voltage given to the motor and therefore the speed of the motor changes. The PWM signals are received by a motor driver interfaced to microcontroller for delivering required output in controlling DC motor speed. Working of this project displayed by 16×2 LCD Display. Keywords: Duty cycle; GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output); Digital output; Analog input (if using potentiometer for speed); Interrupts (if used for sensors); Timer module Serial communication (UART, if monitoring speed); Closed-loop control (if sensors used for speed feedback); Open-loop control (if no feedback). Title: Speed and Direction Control of DC Motor using Microcontroller Author: Sarang Dure, Alfiya Sayyad, Shraddha Kapse, Sagar Zadake, Amit Hangarge, Bhagwan Suryavanshi, Prof. S.S. Mane, Prof. S.N. Gaikwad, Prof. V.S. Gangane International Journal of Recent Research in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (IJRRCME) ISSN 2393-8471 Vol. 12, Issue 1, April 2025 - September 2025 Page No: 46-53 Paper Publications Website: www.paperpublications.org Published date: 25-July-2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16419183 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.paperpublications.org/upload/book/Speed%20and%20Direction%20Control%20of%20DC%20Motor-25072025-1.pdf