STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH "PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING" IN SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION

<p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong></p>\n<p><em><span>This article explores the effectiveness of Problem-based learning <span> </span>in enhancing critical thinking skills among secondary school education students. By analyzing various studies and integrating practical examples from both local and international contexts, the article demonstrates how PBL fosters student engagement, collaboration, and self-directed learning. PBL allows students to solve real-life problems, promoting the development of critical thinking, language skills, and overall academic performance. The survey findings show that PBL significantly improves students’ ability to analyze, evaluate, and apply knowledge in diverse situations. The research concludes that PBL not only enhances academic learning but also prepares students for real-world challenges by fostering essential skills such as adaptability, communication, and problem-solving. The article also discusses potential challenges in implementing PBL, including the need for adequate teacher preparation and resources. </span></em></p>\n<p> </p>