Combretum Indicum Linn. A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties

Combretum indicum, known as Rangoon Creeper, belongs to the family Combretaceae which consists of over 600 species and 20 genera. This vining plant is found in both tropical and subtropical climates and is often found in the South-eastern part of Asia and the Philippines. In addition to its beautifying properties, it is also renowned for its many healing applications in both modern and alternative medicine practices. The pharmacological characteristics of the plant are affected by a variety of its phytochemicals, Including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, steroids and phenolic compounds. Some of its leaves, flowers, fruits and roots have been used for the treatment of fever, rheumatism, nephritis, skin diseases, migraine, dysuria and many more. The potential usage of this plant as a medicinal tool has been supported by the presence of bioactive compounds found in the plant through phytochemical screening, such as quercetin, rutin, Quisqualis acid and several amino acids.Various pharmacological studies have shown that the plant possess multiple bioactivities such as immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-dyslipidaemia and anti-asthmatic activities. Due to the wide range of therapeutic properties, the plant C. indicum is easily accessible and fast growing. This gives the plant great potential for further pharmacological studies and drug development.