Utilizing Snake Rescue Data to Understand Snake Distribution Pattern and Human-Snake Conflict in Pakur Forest Division, Jharkhand India

This study aims to utilize data from voluntary snake rescue operations conducted between May 2022 and May 2025 to understand the diversity, distribution patterns, and human-snake conflict (HSC) dynamics in the Pakur Forest Division, Jharkhand. A total of 130 individuals belonging to 20 snake species across 5 families were rescued, including 5 venomous, 2 mildly venomous, and 13 non-venomous species. Most rescues occurred in human-dominated landscapes, particularly during the monsoon season, aligning with increased snake movement and breeding activity. Notably, species such as the Spectacled Cobra, Common Krait, and Russell’s Viper were among the most frequently encountered and pose significant risk to rural and Urban populations. Despite the dominance of non-venomous species, lack of awareness leads to their indiscriminate killing due to fear and misidentification. The study emphasizes the urgent need for awareness programs on snake conservation, safe coexistence, and first-aid practices. It also highlights the necessity of ensuring the availability of anti-venom in Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and dispensaries for effective snakebite treatment. Findings from this research not only reflect the ecological significance of the region's Herpetofauna but also serve as a foundation for planning community-based conservation and conflict mitigation strategies.