THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING: ROLE OF PHARM.D IN PRECISION MEDICINE

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a critical clinical tool that ensures drug efficacy and safety, by ensuring that plasma drug concentrations are kept in the therapeutic window for each drug. At a time when precision medicine has been widely accepted as a mark of true individualized patient care, TDM remains a crucial procedure for treatment individualization on the basis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variations. Pharm.D professionals of the future would be perfectly placed to head TDM services, given their clinical pharmacology knowledge and particular patient focus. Their involvement in dose adjustments, interprofessional collaboration, patient education, therapeutic optimization, and outcome enhancement will play an active role in decreasing drug-related adverse events. This review discusses the basics and applications of TDM, the integration of TDM into precision medicine, and the ever-expanding role of Pharm.D graduates across several clinical settings. It touches on advances in technology and training and highlights future directions, which should, in particular, improve personalized healthcare delivery in which Pharm.D professionals are actively engaged through TDM. Keywords: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM), Precision Medicine, Pharm.D, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Individualized Therapy, Drug Safety, Dose Optimization, Pharmacogenomics, Patient-Centered Care, Clinical Pharmacy Practice