ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY: EXPLORING THE BOUNDARIES OF SCIENTIFIC INTERVENTION

Biotechnology is causing rapid advances that have offered new prospects in medicine, agriculture, and energy, but it has also raised various ethical issues that need proper regulation. All of these issues have great potential for both social inequality and moral controversy, especially ones such as genome editing, the use of GMOs, cloning and neuroenhancement. The study aims to examine the ethical and philosophical limits within which biotechnological intervention may be justified and formulate ways to regulate them. The methodology consists of the comparative analysis of regulatory documents, ethical concepts, and the publication of biotechnology-related science. Also, it includes a structural and logical analysis of the influence of biotechnology on social and moral norms. The study results indicate the need for a clear distinction between therapeutic and enhanced use of biotechnologies and the enhancement of institutional control and harmonisation of international bioethics standards. The analysis concluded that without a single regulatory approach, there are ethical and social risks related to the availability of biotechnology and the question of individual autonomy and risks associated with the long-term consequences of genetic modification. The work’s practical importance consists in the development of recommendations to the policy for regulating a regulatory policy responsible for the use of biotechnological innovations. Thrust for further research should be directed towards the appraisal of the real effects of biotechnology on social norms and the formulation of ethical mechanisms to dissuade possible threats.