Studies on threats and effects of biodiversity

Abstract: Biodiversity has been referred to as “the planet’s most valuable resource” but it may be defined as “the variety of organism at all levels, from genetic variants of a single species to many, includes variety of ecosystems, which comprise both the communities of organisms within particular habitats and the physical conditions under which they live”. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms: the different plants, animals and microorganisms, the genes they contain, and the ecosystems they form. Biological diversity is usually considered at three different levels: Genetic Diversity, Species Diversity and Ecosystem Diversity. The biodiversity consists of flora, fauna, forests, land and water resources that are crucial for the human, animal and vegetation survival and any imbalance is bound to disrupt the normal cycle of functioning and is also detrimental to the life on this earth. Plants and Animals, evolving over hundreds of millions of years, have made our planet fit for the forms of life we know today. They help maintain the chemical balance of the earth, stabilize climate, protect watersheds and renew soil. The loss of biodiversity is one of the most critical current environmental problems, threatening valuable ecosystem services and human well being