Exploring the Dynamics of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation of Southwestern Coastal Communities in Bangladesh

The geographical location of Bangladesh places it as one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, with this condition prevailing more in the coastal areas of which the Satkhira district is a part. This paper presents an assessment of climate vulnerability of communities through an evaluation of a vulnerability index that combines a wide variety of inland and coastal climate hazards. Results have shown that 29.73% are vulnerable, while 65.60% are highly vulnerable to the impacts brought forth by climate change. This research presents critical insights in aiding local decision-makers through the examination of vulnerabilities in developing appropriate adaptation strategies. These are all very important for developing a better adaptive capacity by the coastal population in resisting climate-related extreme events. The identified adaptation strategies are compatible with the present climatic condition and have the intention of mitigating the long-term risks from the change in climate along with the immediate threats. It is envisaged that the research will contribute to improving livelihoods and enhancing resilience among affected communities to current and future climatic hazards. The study recommended focused interventions in livelihood protection and reduction of vulnerability in most disaster- prone areas, such as Satkhira District. Adaptation is urgently needed for the very survival of these communities. This will help them in framing appropriate strategies that can reduce and control the risks from present and future climatic events. Hence, this study underlines the most important need for proactive measures to safeguard the most vulnerable populations inhabiting the Bangladesh coast.