Surgical Management of Popliteal Artery Aneurysm

Abstract Popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) is the most common type of peripheral arterial aneurysm and presents significant clinical challenges due to its potential for limb-threatening complications such as thrombosis, embolism, and rupture. This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and surgical management of PAA. The study aims to evaluate clinical data and current treatment modalities, highlighting risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and surgical interventions. A literature-based methodology was employed, utilizing sources from medical databases and clinical case data, to analyze the etiology, mechanisms of development, and outcomes of surgical treatment for PAA. The findings emphasize that atherosclerosis is the predominant risk factor, with males aged 60–80 being most frequently affected. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic incidental findings to severe ischemic symptoms. Diagnostic confirmation relies on physical examination and imaging modalities such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI. Surgical management remains the mainstay of treatment, with open repair and endovascular techniques tailored to the aneurysm's characteristics and patient factors. The thesis concludes that timely diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial for preventing complications and optimizing limb salvage in patients with PAA.