Assessment of the Tapti River's Water Quality during the Wintertime in Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract: The present study evaluates the physico-chemical characteristics of Tapti River water at Multai, Betul, during the winter season to determine its suitability for irrigation and household consumption. Various physical and chemical parameters were analyzed under laboratory conditions, including iron (Fe), turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, total hardness, nitrate (NO₃⁻), and chloride (Cl⁻). The results were compared with standard permissible limits to assess water quality. The analysis revealed that most parameters fell within the acceptable limits prescribed for safe water usage. The iron concentration was within permissible limits, ensuring no risk of iron contamination. However, turbidity levels were slightly elevated, indicating the presence of suspended particles, which may require filtration before consumption. The pH level was mildly alkaline but remained within the safe range for both irrigation and household use. Electrical conductivity (EC) and TDS values indicated a moderate presence of dissolved salts and minerals, making the water suitable for agricultural purposes. Total alkalinity and hardness were found within permissible limits, posing no risk of scaling or corrosion. Additionally, nitrate and chloride concentrations were well within safe levels, reducing any concerns about potential contamination.