Forestation's sustainability footprints in China

As forestation strategies move up the agenda after COP28, it’s pivotal that the dialogue extends beyond land footprints to include a comprehensive analysis of its sustainability footprints. Such scrutiny is vital for Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) deliberations, ensuring that future environmental policies holistically account for the trade-offs of forestation strategies. To this end, we developed an assessment framework for the sustainability footprints of China’s forestation policies by combining the GCAM model with the GLOBIO biodiversity model and the InVEST ecosystem services model. We expanded the assessment framework to consider more ecological dimensions, such as biodiversity and habitat quality.