THE ROLE OF MODERN BIOMARKERS IN DIAGNOSING ANEMIA AND THEIR APPLICATION IN UZBEKISTAN

Anemia remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in resource-constrained settings like Uzbekistan, where its multifactorial etiology complicates diagnosis and management. Modern biomarkers, including hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr), erythroferrone, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), have transformed anemia diagnostics by offering superior specificity and sensitivity over conventional markers such as hemoglobin and ferritin. These biomarkers enable precise differentiation of anemia subtypes, including iron deficiency anemia (IDA), anemia of chronic disease (ACD), and hemolytic anemias, facilitating targeted therapeutic interventions. This article comprehensively explores the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers, their integration into clinical practice, and the practical challenges and opportunities for their implementation in Uzbekistan, considering the country’s healthcare infrastructure, economic limitations, and unique epidemiological profile. By bridging global diagnostic advancements with local needs, this study highlights the transformative potential of biomarkers in enhancing anemia management in Uzbekistan.